salt crystals
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... INTRO
In recent years, several studies have attempted to isolate living halophiles from withi…
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INTRO
In recent years, several studies have attempted to isolate living halophiles from within primary salt crystals. These salt crystals areevaporite rocks {http://tbn1.google.com/images?q=tbn:ewF5VYzaoUcuyM:http://www.geosciences.unl.edu/%7Edloope/Caicosweb/1salt%20in%20handWeb} external image 1salt%20in%20handWebformed from the evaporation of ancient seas and the precipitation of the minerals left behind. Within these halite crystals reside what are known as inclusions, which house a small amount of residual fluids thought to be able to support microbial life.Fluid Inclusions in a single Chevron Halite crystalThe idea is that because these inclusions have been protected within the crystals for millions of years, the organisms occupying them upon formation are the same organisms occupying them now. In this particular study the authors obtained their samples from the Sergipe basin in Brazil.
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using up-reaming Up-reaming {http://www.ruc.com.au/images/fleet_raise.jpg} Up-reaming
This limits mechanical damage to the wall rock compared with blasting. Only crystals from primary sedimentary features were removed. Each crystal used for microbiological sampling was examined, and crystals were rejected as damaged if inclusions showed rounded edges, elongation or stress-related roughness along the walls of the inclusion.
After the crystals were selected they were placed into clean unused sample vials and transported to the microbiological laboratory. Various precautions were taken before and during isolation procedures so as to assure that no contamination would occur.
salt crystals
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Isolation of Halophilic Archaea from ( 121-112 Million Year Old) Primary Salt Crystals
INTRO
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Isolation of Halophilic Archaea from ( 121-112 Million Year Old) Primary Salt Crystals
INTRO
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salt crystals are evaporiteareevaporite rocks formed {http://tbn1.google.com/images?q=tbn:ewF5VYzaoUcuyM:http://www.geosciences.unl.edu/%7Edloope/Caicosweb/1salt%20in%20handWeb} external image 1salt%20in%20handWebformed from the
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Chevron halite, {http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/collectors_corner/arc/img/halite4.jpg} Fluid Inclusions in a single Chevron Halite crystal known to
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core. Core samples weresampleswere taken and
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constructed using up-reamingUp-reamingup-reaming Up-reaming
This limits mechanical damage to the wall rock compared with blasting. Only crystals from primary sedimentary features were removed. Each crystal used for microbiological sampling was examined, and crystals were rejected as damaged if inclusions showed rounded edges, elongation or stress-related roughness along the walls of the inclusion.
After the crystals were selected they were placed into clean unused sample vials and transported to the microbiological laboratory. Various precautions were taken before and during isolation procedures so as to assure that no contamination would occur.
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Analysis of Isolates:
For details on how the authors did their lipid analysis go to Torreblanca et al 1986.
Genomic Library Construction Using PlasmidsGenomic Library Construction
A genomic library describes a collection of DNA fragments derived from the genome of an organism and cloned randomly into suitable cloning vectors (plasmids, phages). If plasmid cloning vectors are used for the construction of the library, this library essentially is a collection of host cells, each of which contains a plasmid with an inserted DNA fragment. Together the individual fragments in the collection of inserted molecules represent the entire genetic information contained in an organism. This is known as a representative library. If the library has been established by using fragmented cellular DNA of an organism the library is called a genomic library. The term genomic DNA clone then refers to an individual cell carrying a cloning vector with one of the cellular DNA fragments. Subgenomic libraries are obtained only if selected portions of the genome, for example fragments from distinct sorted chromosomes, are represented in the library. A characteristic of genomic libraries is the fact that the individual inserts still contain non-coding intron sequences. Such libraries are used for determining the genomic structures of genes.
Here’s a simple little picture. Enjoy.
Genomic Library Construction Using PlasmidsGenomic Library Construction
A genomic library describes a collection of DNA fragments derived from the genome of an organism and cloned randomly into suitable cloning vectors (plasmids, phages). If plasmid cloning vectors are used for the construction of the library, this library essentially is a collection of host cells, each of which contains a plasmid with an inserted DNA fragment. Together the individual fragments in the collection of inserted molecules represent the entire genetic information contained in an organism. This is known as a representative library. If the library has been established by using fragmented cellular DNA of an organism the library is called a genomic library. The term genomic DNA clone then refers to an individual cell carrying a cloning vector with one of the cellular DNA fragments. Subgenomic libraries are obtained only if selected portions of the genome, for example fragments from distinct sorted chromosomes, are represented in the library. A characteristic of genomic libraries is the fact that the individual inserts still contain non-coding intron sequences. Such libraries are used for determining the genomic structures of genes.
Here’s a simple little picture. Enjoy.
